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STUB IT OR SNUFF IT !
By: Rozalind A Gruben Prof; H.L.C., A.H.S.I., R.S.A.
Copyright Rozalind A Gruben November 2002. All rights reserved.

There is more to creating or destroying health than diet. If you are still smoking tobacco, or are concerned about a loved one who is then read on. Even if you are a noon-smoker or x-smoker remember the rule of polluted air – if you can smell it you are inhaling it.

According to the Health Education Authority in the UK, if smoking trends continue, by the 2020’s there will be 10 million deaths per year as a direct consequence of smoke inhalation. This figure is undoubtedly conservative and probably represents less than half of the true number once the general debilitating effects of tobacco are taken into consideration.

In the U.K. alone 13 people die every hour as a direct result of having smoked!

The lethal effects of tobacco use have been known for decades. Back in march 1938, in an article entitled ‘Tobacco Smoking and Longevity’ Dr Raymond Pearl of John Hopkins University states
‘Statistics show that a heavy smoker pays from his life span 34.6 minutes for each cigarette he smokes’

Consider the price you are paying next time you reach for this deadly weed or “passively” inhale the smoke of others.


SMOKING AND YOUR HEALTH

So important is your heart to the life of your entire organism that it only needs to stop for a few moments and death will occur. The heart itself needs large amounts of oxygen to function and anything that reduces its supply is going to have a detrimental effect upon the health of your entire body.

As we inhale air is drawn down deep into the lungs ending up within millions of tiny air sacs known as ‘alveoli’. Surrounding each alveolus is wrapped a network of tiny blood vessels called ‘capillaries’ through which blood is transported. Contained within the blood is the iron rich compound hemoglobin to which oxygen is highly attracted. As the walls of both the alveoli and capillaries are gas permeable (gasses can pass through them) oxygen is able to leave the lungs and enter the blood stream, whereupon it attracts itself onto the hemoglobin. Once in the blood oxygen is then transported and delivered throughout the organism to feed and nourish the body’s cells.

Tobacco smoke contains a deadly toxic gas called ‘carbon monoxide’, which is also highly attracted to hemoglobin. When this gas is inhaled into the lungs it effectively steals oxygen’s’ vital transport medium by permeating through into the blood stream and hijacking the hemoglobin. All smokers are oxygen starved in this way with around 20% of their red blood cells saturated with carbon monoxide.

Once in the circulation carbon monoxide has access to every cell in the body where it wreaks havoc by poisoning, perverting and paralyzing the healthy functioning of everything it touches. It is, therefore, profoundly erroneous to think that tobacco smoking only effects lung tissue. It destroys the health of the entire organism, including the heart.

Heart disease is the most prolific killer in the western world claiming a life every 35 seconds.
Smoking is a primary cause of heart disease by effecting its function in a number of ways.

Apart from the destructive effects to the heart muscle itself by carbon monoxide poisoning, as described above, this lethal gas also severely damages the coronary arteries that deliver the hearts own blood supply. Carbon monoxide is so caustic to the delicate membranes of the body that the linings of all the blood vessels become inflamed by its presence in the circulation. Once inflamed the artery walls are predisposed to the adherence of fatty deposits and cholesterol, which accumulate to impede, and eventually block, the flow of blood. If starved of its blood supply the heart muscle can no longer function and a heart attack is the result.

50% of first heart attacks are fatal

Similarly, when the brain fails to receive its supply of blood its actions are suspended and a stroke ensues. Another highly poisonous substance contained in tobacco smoke is Nicotine. Nicotine causes arteries to constrict, further reducing the oxygen supply to the entire body, including the heart and brain. Nicotine also causes the blood to become sticky, which can lead to death through the formation of blood clots.

DID YOU KNOW ?

  • More than 1 in 5 deaths from Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) are as a direct result of smoking.
  • Cigarette smokers are 300% more likely to die of a heart attack than non-smokers are.
  • Women who smoke and take oral contraceptives have 10 times the risk of Heart Attack, stroke or other cardiovascular disease.


SMOKING AND YOUR LUNGS

A wide range of diseases concerning the breathing apparatus are a direct result of smoking. The three most common smoking related respiratory diseases are Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema and Lung Cancer.

CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
The two largest passageways within the lungs are known as the ‘Bronchus’. These branch out to form smaller tubes called ‘Bronchiole’ which eventually terminate at air sacs (Alveoli). It is via the Alveoli that oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. Bronchitis is the name given to a state of inflammation found within the mucus membranes lining the Bronchi. As the irritating poisons of tobacco smoke pass through the delicate respiratory tract they cause the membranes to become inflamed. This inflammation creates a narrowing of the passages, impeding the flow of air.

The Bronchi contain glands that produce mucus, a specially designed substance for carrying toxic matter out of the body. The irritants in smoke cause these glands to become enlarged and produce copious amounts of mucus in an effort to remove the poisons from the system. The passage of mucus out of the body is largely dependent upon tiny hair-like cells known as ‘Cilia’. Due to the clogging up of the Cilia, by the tars in tobacco, the process is thwarted and large amounts of toxic mucus accumulate in the lungs leading to secondary infections and further damage to the Bronchi.

EMPHASEMA

The healthy respiratory tract has an elastic quality throughout which enables it to expand on inhalation and recoil when the air volume is reduced on exhalation. The tiny alveoli air sacs act like miniature balloons. When they expand, as air is drawn into them, the walls of the Alveoli become correspondingly thinner allowing for the easy permeation of gasses. This facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

The crippling effects of carbon monoxide, and other poisonous gasses found in tobacco smoke, cause the Alveoli to lose their elastic quality, rendering them unable to properly inflate. Emphysema describes this severely debilitating state of disease, which is characterised by rapid shallow breathing as the sufferer literally fights for their breath.

Virtually all cases of Emphysema are directly caused by smoking.


LUNG CANCER

According to the Health Education Authority 9 out of every 10 deaths from lung cancer are directly caused by smoking. In England alone this amounts to a staggering 29,000 deaths per year.

Lung Cancer has a very low survival rate with less than 10% of diagnosed patients surviving longer than 5 years.

You only need smoke 1 cigarette per day to increase the likelihood of you dying from Lung Cancer by 800%.


SMOKING AND YOUR DIGESTIVE TRACT
The incidence of peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum is dramatically higher amongst smokers. It also takes far longer for any form of ulceration to heal in the body of a smoker.

Inhalation of tobacco destroys vast quantities of your body’s vital nutrients and cripples the overall nutritional functioning of the organism. If you smoke you are malnourished regardless of your dietary habits.

SMOKING AND YOUR BONES

In order to survive the body must maintain a slightly alkaline pH balance of 7.40. Should the system deviate from this and become too acid death will ensue. To avoid such disaster the organism utilises what are known as its ‘Alkaline Buffer Salts’ to neutralise any excess acid. Calcium is the primary mineral that is used for this process.

Tobacco smoking creates a highly acidic internal environment leading to calcium being drawn out of the bones in order to negate it. As bones lose their calcium they begin to disintegrate becoming fragile and prone to fracture.

Smoking also inhibits the absorption of calcium, further depriving the bones of their basic constituent.


SMOKING AND YOUR IMMUNE FUNCTIONING

Continual assault upon the body, occasioned by inhaling the toxic gasses and tars of tobacco smoke, exhausts the entire system and cripples its ability to maintain a healthy state. In addition, the T cells, which play a vital role in the body’s immunity, contain a high concentration of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) upon which they depend for their functioning. Levels of this vitamin drop dramatically amongst smokers as it is destroyed wholesale with every puff.

SMOKING AND YOUR ENTIRE BODY
Once Carbon Monoxide, and other deadly poisons, gain access to the bloodstream they can destroy cells, tissues, organs and entire systems throughout the body.

GANGRENE
The vast majority of amputations performed this century have been necessitated by smoking. Tissues can die and lie rotting in any part of the body as a result of tobacco poisoning, and have to be severed if life is to be preserved.

CANCER OF THE PHARYNX
3,500 cases are diagnosed each year in the U.K.; virtually all of them are as a result of smoking.

CANCER OF THE TONGUE

This is the most serious type of mouth cancer as it spreads very rapidly. Smoking is the number one cause of this disease.

LEUKOPLAKIA
Smoking causes raised white patches on the mucus membranes of the mouth or vulva. This is due to thickening of these tissues as they become inflamed in response to tobacco poisoning.


SMOKING AND YOUR LOVED ONES
Those who smoke not only put their own lives at risk but also poison the air of people around them.

In 1988 the Independent Scientific Committee on Smoking and Health, an advisory body to the government, examined all the scientific data available on the effects of passive smoking and concluded that side stream inhalation did significantly increase the risk of lung cancer. The committee estimated that passive smoking may be responsible for hundreds of lung cancer deaths per year in the U.K.

A report by the Health Education Authority compiled in 1991 listed the following symptoms of disease associated with environmental tobacco inhalation;

  • Acute respiratory illness in young children including chronic cough, phlegm, wheeze and middle ear effusions as well as reduced levels of growth and lung function.
  • Low birth weight babies.
  • Decreased attained height in childhood development.
  • Reduced levels of lung function in adults.
  • Increased bronchial hyper responsiveness and symptoms of asthma.
  • Inflammations of the eyes, nose and throat.
  • Lung cancer

SMOKING AND YOUR UNBORN CHILD
The placenta, which is designed to filter out harmful substances ingested by the mother has no effectiveness in screening tobacco. Any woman who is pregnant and smokes is effectively force-smoking her unborn and defenseless child. The poisoning effects of smoke play havoc with the fragile developing foetus causing it to thrash around restlessly pre-birth and lead to a hyperactive childhood.

Smoking also interferes with the flow of nutrition to the baby and can result in both physical and mental retardation or even miscarriage.


THE INCREDIBLE HEALING POWER OF THE BODY
As soon as you decide to get smoke out of your life your body will begin to clean and heal itself. The degree to which it can accomplish this, and how quickly, depends on many factors.

The number of years you have been smoking for, and how much you smoked each day, will have an impact on your potential to regain health. If you eat a healthy diet, get ample sleep, exercise regularly and otherwise generally take care of your health recovery will be that much sooner.

BETTER CHOICES FOR A BETTER LIFE

Farewell to smoking also means farewell to –

  • Foul smelling breath, hair and clothing.
  • Stained teeth and fingers.
  • Phlegm and smokers cough.
  • Wrinkled skin and premature ageing.

Hello to pure air also means hello to –

  • An improved sense of taste and smell.
  • Easier breathing on exertion.
  • A vast improvement in health status.
  • More money.

And for you non-smokers and X smokers – I remind you again; if you can smell it you are inhaling it.

I encourage you to be assertive about your right to breathe clean air and by doing so play your part in helping the collective consciousness to shift towards global health.


REFERENCES
Basic Clinical Science. Dr Nic Rowley. Hodder and Stoughton 1991 ISBN 0-340-55322-7.
Smoking The Facts. Health Education Authority. 1991 ISBN 1 85448 199 1.
Passive Smoking at Work. Health and Safety Executive. IND(G) 63(L) revised C1000 1/93.
Reversing Heart Disease. Dr Dean Ornish. Ballantine books. ISBN 0-345-37353-7.
Health Update 2 – Smoking. Health Education Authority. 1991 ISBN 1 85448 2122
Please Don’t Smoke in Our House. Jack Dunn Trop. NH Press. 1976 ISBN 0914532111
A Consumers Guide to Stop Smoking. Penny Ross PhD / Sarah Hack BSc. 1990 QUIT
The Smoking Epidemic. The Health Education Authority. 1993 ISBN
185448 964 X
Living Health. Diamond. Bantam Books. 1987 ISBN 0553 17582 3

THE ABOVE REPRESENTS ONLY A SAMPLE OF THE EXTENSIVE REFERENCES USED. A FULL LIST IS AVAILABLE UPON REQUST FROM THE AUTHOR.


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